Japan vs Sweden: Driving Rules Compared

Sweden treats winter tyres as law, not advice: from 1 December to 31 March they are mandatory nationwide, backed by a SEK 2,000 fine for anyone caught without them. Japan hands the same decision to individual prefectures, so only regions like Hokkaido and Tohoku actually require them. Driving side adds a further split, left-hand traffic in Japan against Sweden’s right, at motorway limits of 100 and 110 km/h.

Japan drives on the left while Sweden drives on the right. This is one of the most significant adjustments drivers must make when travelling between these two countries. Take extra care at junctions, roundabouts, and when overtaking.

Speed Limits Comparison

Speed limits differ between Japan and Sweden, and understanding these differences is essential for avoiding fines.

Japan sets its speed limits at 40 km/h in cities and towns, 60 km/h on country roads, and 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h) on motorways.

In Sweden, the standard speed limits are 50 km/h in urban areas, 70 km/h on rural roads, and 110 km/h on motorways.

Key Speed Limit Differences

Drivers transitioning between Japan and Sweden should pay close attention to posted signs, as assumptions based on one country’s rules can lead to speeding tickets in the other. Speed cameras are common in both countries, and enforcement can be strict.

Traffic Rules and Regulations

Beyond speed limits, Japan and Sweden have several important differences in their general traffic rules.

Driving side: Japan drives on the left; Sweden drives on the right. This is a major difference that requires careful adjustment.

Minimum driving age: The minimum age to drive a car is 18 in Japan and 18 in Sweden.

Mobile phone use: Using a handheld mobile phone while driving is illegal in both countries. In Japan, the penalty is JPY 18,000 (approx. EUR 115) + 3 points. In Sweden, the penalty is SEK 1,500 (approx. EUR 130) — no specific ban, but distracted driving applies. Hands-free devices are generally permitted in both countries, but drivers should keep their attention on the road.

Seatbelts: Seatbelts are mandatory for all occupants in both Japan and Sweden. The fine for not wearing a seatbelt is Warning / 1 point (no fine for first offence) in Japan and SEK 1,500 (approx. EUR 130) in Sweden.

Running a red light: Red-light violations carry serious penalties. In Japan, expect JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 2 points. In Sweden, the penalty is SEK 5,000 (approx. EUR 435).

Alcohol and DUI Laws

Drink-driving laws represent one of the areas where countries diverge most significantly.

Japan sets its blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit at 0.03%.

Sweden has a BAC limit of 0.02%.

Sweden has a stricter limit, so drivers accustomed to Japan’s rules should exercise extra caution.

Penalties for exceeding the BAC limit in both Japan and Sweden can include heavy fines, licence suspension, and even imprisonment. Novice drivers face even stricter thresholds in many countries. The safest policy is to not drink at all when you plan to drive.

Tyre and Equipment Requirements

Vehicle equipment requirements are an often-overlooked aspect of driving abroad. Japan and Sweden each have their own list of mandatory items.

Winter Tyres

• Japan: Winter tyres are situational. Period: Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter. Studded tyres: restricted. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.
• Sweden: Winter tyres are mandatory. Period: 1 Dec - 31 Mar. Studded tyres: restricted. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.

Mandatory Equipment

Rental vehicles usually come equipped for the country of hire. If you intend to drive in both Japan and Sweden, check with the rental company that the vehicle has all required items for both destinations.

Speeding Penalties

The financial consequences of speeding vary between Japan and Sweden.

In Japan, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 1 point. Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

In Sweden, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: SEK 2,000 (approx. EUR 175). Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

Both countries use a combination of fixed speed cameras, mobile speed traps, and in some cases average speed (section control) cameras.

Licence Requirements for Visitors

Before driving in {a} or {b}, ensure you have the correct documentation. Requirements for international visitors vary.

Japan: An IDP is required. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence IDP required (1949 Geneva Convention only). US, UK and many EU licences need specific IDP. Drives on the left.

Sweden: An EU/EEA driving licence is valid. An IDP is recommended for non-EU licence holders. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence EU/EEA licences valid. Non-EU visitors need IDP. Valid for 1 year.

Always carry your licence (and IDP if applicable) while driving, as police may request to see it during routine checks or traffic stops.

Emergency Numbers

Knowing the local emergency numbers could save your life. Here are the key contacts:

Save these numbers in your phone before travelling. In an emergency, quick access to the correct number is crucial.

Practical Tips for Driving in Both Countries

Preparation is key to a smooth driving experience abroad. Here are tips for driving in Japan and Sweden:

1. Check insurance coverage. Verify that your motor insurance or rental agreement covers driving in both countries. A Green Card may be required for cross-border travel.

2. Use a GPS or navigation app. Modern navigation apps often include speed limit warnings, toll information, and real-time traffic updates that can help you comply with local rules.

3. Watch for different road signs. While European countries share many sign conventions, there are country-specific signs you should recognise. Review a local driving guide before your trip.

4. Adjust to speed limits immediately. When crossing the border, speed limits change. Look for signs and adjust your driving accordingly. Do not rely on habits from the other country.

5. Plan fuel stops. Fuel prices and station availability can vary significantly. In some regions, stations may close at night or on Sundays.

6. Be aware of environmental zones. Many cities have low-emission zones that restrict older vehicles. Check if you need an environmental sticker for either country.

7. Research before you go. Familiarise yourself with the specific rules of each country before your trip. Print or save a summary of key rules for quick reference.

8. Equip your vehicle properly. Ensure you have all mandatory equipment for both countries. It is better to carry extra items than to face a fine for missing equipment.

Which Country Is Easier for Tourists to Drive In?

Tourist-friendliness of driving varies between Japan and Sweden based on several factors.

Japan is rated 3.0/5 (Moderate) by tourists. Left-hand driving, expensive tolls, excellent roads, kanji signage

Sweden is rated 1.8/5 (Very Easy) by tourists. Excellent roads, disciplined drivers, moose warning signs serious

The switch between left-hand traffic in Japan and right-hand traffic in Sweden is the single biggest adjustment drivers will face.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I drive in Sweden with a Japan driving licence?

Rules vary by nationality. Check the specific licence requirements for each country, and consider obtaining an International Driving Permit (IDP) before your trip.

What is the speed limit on motorways in Japan compared to Sweden?

The motorway speed limit in Japan is 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h), while in Sweden it is 110 km/h. Always watch for posted signs, as limits may vary on specific sections due to roadworks, weather, or local restrictions.

Are winter tyres mandatory in Japan or Sweden?

In Japan, winter tyres are situational (Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter). In Sweden, they are mandatory (1 Dec - 31 Mar). If you are travelling during winter months, it is advisable to use winter tyres regardless of legal requirements for safety.

Which country has stricter drink-driving laws?

Sweden has a stricter BAC limit (0.02%) compared to Japan (0.03%). Lower limits mean less alcohol is tolerated before driving becomes illegal.

What side of the road do they drive on in Japan and Sweden?

Japan drives on the left side and Sweden drives on the right side of the road.

Can I use my car insurance from Japan in Sweden?

International motor insurance coverage varies by provider and policy. Contact your insurer before travelling to confirm coverage in both Japan and Sweden. You may need to purchase additional local insurance.

What emergency number should I call while driving in Japan or Sweden?

In Japan, the general emergency number is 110 (police: 110, ambulance: 119). In Sweden, call 112 (police: 112, ambulance: 112). Save both numbers in your phone before you travel.