Japan vs North Macedonia: Driving Rules Compared

North Macedonia’s motorway limit, 130 km/h, sits 30 km/h above Japan’s 100. The countries also sit on opposite sides of the road, Japan left-hand, North Macedonia right. Winter tyres are mandatory across all of North Macedonia from 15 November to 15 March, while Japan only forces the issue in snow-heavy prefectures such as Hokkaido.

Switching between Japan (left-hand traffic) and North Macedonia (right-hand traffic) requires significant adjustment. Pay special attention to turning, roundabouts, and overtaking — these are the situations where drivers most commonly make errors after switching sides.

Speed Limits Comparison

One of the most practical differences for drivers is the variation in speed limits between Japan and North Macedonia.

Japan sets its speed limits at 40 km/h in cities and towns, 60 km/h on country roads, and 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h) on motorways.

In North Macedonia, the standard speed limits are 50 km/h in urban areas, 80 km/h on rural roads, and 130 km/h on motorways.

Key Speed Limit Differences

Drivers transitioning between Japan and North Macedonia should pay close attention to posted signs, as assumptions based on one country’s rules can lead to speeding tickets in the other. Speed cameras are common in both countries, and enforcement can be strict.

Traffic Rules and Regulations

Beyond speed limits, Japan and North Macedonia have several important differences in their general traffic rules.

Driving side: Japan drives on the left; North Macedonia drives on the right. This is a major difference that requires careful adjustment.

Minimum driving age: The minimum age to drive a car is 18 in Japan and 18 in North Macedonia.

Mobile phone use: Using a handheld mobile phone while driving is illegal in both countries. In Japan, the penalty is JPY 18,000 (approx. EUR 115) + 3 points. In North Macedonia, the penalty is MKD 4,000-8,000 (approx. EUR 65-130). Hands-free devices are generally permitted in both countries, but drivers should keep their attention on the road.

Seatbelts: Seatbelts are mandatory for all occupants in both Japan and North Macedonia. The fine for not wearing a seatbelt is Warning / 1 point (no fine for first offence) in Japan and MKD 3,000-6,000 (approx. EUR 50-100) in North Macedonia.

Running a red light: Red-light violations carry serious penalties. In Japan, expect JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 2 points. In North Macedonia, the penalty is MKD 6,000-12,000 (approx. EUR 100-200) + 4 penalty points.

Alcohol and DUI Laws

Alcohol and driving regulations differ between Japan and North Macedonia, and the penalties for non-compliance can be severe in both.

Japan sets its blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit at 0.03%.

North Macedonia has a BAC limit of 0.05%.

Japan has a stricter limit, so drivers accustomed to North Macedonia’s rules should exercise extra caution.

In both countries, penalties for drink-driving include fines, licence suspension, and potential imprisonment for serious offences. New and young drivers often face stricter limits (typically 0.00% to 0.02% BAC) in both Japan and North Macedonia. The safest approach is always to avoid any alcohol before driving.

Tyre and Equipment Requirements

Before driving in Japan or North Macedonia, check that your vehicle carries all the legally required equipment. Requirements differ between the two countries.

Winter Tyres

• Japan: Winter tyres are situational. Period: Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter. Studded tyres: restricted. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.
• North Macedonia: Winter tyres are mandatory. Period: 15 Nov - 15 Mar. Studded tyres: prohibited. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.

Mandatory Equipment

When renting a car, rental companies typically provide the legally required equipment for the country of hire. If you plan to cross the border, confirm with the rental agency that the vehicle is equipped for both countries.

Speeding Penalties

The financial consequences of speeding vary between Japan and North Macedonia.

In Japan, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 1 point. Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

In North Macedonia, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: MKD 3,000-6,000 (approx. EUR 50-100). Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

Both countries use a combination of fixed speed cameras, mobile speed traps, and in some cases average speed (section control) cameras.

Licence Requirements for Visitors

Licence requirements for foreign visitors differ between {a} and {b}. Here is what you need to know.

Japan: An IDP is required. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence IDP required (1949 Geneva Convention only). US, UK and many EU licences need specific IDP. Drives on the left.

North Macedonia: An EU/EEA driving licence is valid. An IDP is recommended for non-EU licence holders. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence Foreign licence valid with IDP.

Always carry your licence (and IDP if applicable) while driving, as police may request to see it during routine checks or traffic stops.

Emergency Numbers

Save these emergency numbers before travelling to Japan or North Macedonia:

Save these numbers in your phone before travelling. In an emergency, quick access to the correct number is crucial.

Practical Tips for Driving in Both Countries

If you are planning to drive in both Japan and North Macedonia, here are some practical tips to keep in mind:

1. Watch for different road signs. While European countries share many sign conventions, there are country-specific signs you should recognise. Review a local driving guide before your trip.

2. Be aware of environmental zones. Many cities have low-emission zones that restrict older vehicles. Check if you need an environmental sticker for either country.

3. Equip your vehicle properly. Ensure you have all mandatory equipment for both countries. It is better to carry extra items than to face a fine for missing equipment.

4. Use a GPS or navigation app. Modern navigation apps often include speed limit warnings, toll information, and real-time traffic updates that can help you comply with local rules.

5. Adjust to speed limits immediately. When crossing the border, speed limits change. Look for signs and adjust your driving accordingly. Do not rely on habits from the other country.

6. Plan fuel stops. Fuel prices and station availability can vary significantly. In some regions, stations may close at night or on Sundays.

7. Check insurance coverage. Verify that your motor insurance or rental agreement covers driving in both countries. A Green Card may be required for cross-border travel.

8. Research before you go. Familiarise yourself with the specific rules of each country before your trip. Print or save a summary of key rules for quick reference.

Which Country Is Easier for Tourists to Drive In?

Tourist-friendliness of driving varies between Japan and North Macedonia based on several factors.

Japan is rated 3.0/5 (Moderate) by tourists. Left-hand driving, expensive tolls, excellent roads, kanji signage

Based on tourist ratings, North Macedonia scores 3.3/5 (Moderate). Variable roads, limited motorways, police checkpoints common

The switch between left-hand traffic in Japan and right-hand traffic in North Macedonia is the single biggest adjustment drivers will face.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I drive in North Macedonia with a Japan driving licence?

Rules vary by nationality. Check the specific licence requirements for each country, and consider obtaining an International Driving Permit (IDP) before your trip.

What is the speed limit on motorways in Japan compared to North Macedonia?

The motorway speed limit in Japan is 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h), while in North Macedonia it is 130 km/h. Always watch for posted signs, as limits may vary on specific sections due to roadworks, weather, or local restrictions.

Are winter tyres mandatory in Japan or North Macedonia?

In Japan, winter tyres are situational (Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter). In North Macedonia, they are mandatory (15 Nov - 15 Mar). If you are travelling during winter months, it is advisable to use winter tyres regardless of legal requirements for safety.

Which country has stricter drink-driving laws?

Japan has a stricter BAC limit (0.03%) compared to North Macedonia (0.05%). Lower limits mean less alcohol is tolerated before driving becomes illegal.

What side of the road do they drive on in Japan and North Macedonia?

Japan drives on the left side and North Macedonia drives on the right side of the road.

Can I use my car insurance from Japan in North Macedonia?

International motor insurance coverage varies by provider and policy. Contact your insurer before travelling to confirm coverage in both Japan and North Macedonia. You may need to purchase additional local insurance.

What emergency number should I call while driving in Japan or North Macedonia?

In Japan, the general emergency number is 110 (police: 110, ambulance: 119). In North Macedonia, call 112 (police: 112, ambulance: 112). Save both numbers in your phone before you travel.