Italy vs Japan: Driving Rules Compared

Italy and Japan sit on opposite sides of the road — Italy right, Japan left — and opposite ends of the motorway scale, 130 km/h against 100. Japan’s 0.03 g/L drink-driving limit is also tighter than Italy’s 0.05, so the margin for error shrinks on both counts once you land. Roundabouts and overtaking lanes are where the side-switch tends to catch people out.

Italy drives on the right while Japan drives on the left. This is one of the most significant adjustments drivers must make when travelling between these two countries. Take extra care at junctions, roundabouts, and when overtaking.

Speed Limits Comparison

Speed limits differ between Italy and Japan, and understanding these differences is essential for avoiding fines.

Italy sets its speed limits at 50 km/h in cities and towns, 90 km/h on country roads, and 130 km/h on motorways.

Drivers in Japan should observe limits of 40 km/h in built-up areas, 60 km/h on rural roads, and 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h) on motorway stretches.

Key Speed Limit Differences

Pay attention to signage when driving between Italy and Japan. Speed camera enforcement styles may differ, and ignorance of local limits is not accepted as an excuse.

Traffic Rules and Regulations

Beyond speed limits, Italy and Japan have several important differences in their general traffic rules.

Driving side: Italy drives on the right; Japan drives on the left. This is a major difference that requires careful adjustment.

Minimum driving age: The minimum age to drive a car is 17 in Italy and 18 in Japan.

Mobile phone use: Using a handheld mobile phone while driving is illegal in both countries. In Italy, the penalty is EUR 250-1,000 + 5 points. In Japan, the penalty is JPY 18,000 (approx. EUR 115) + 3 points. Hands-free devices are generally permitted in both countries, but drivers should keep their attention on the road.

Seatbelts: Seatbelts are mandatory for all occupants in both Italy and Japan. The fine for not wearing a seatbelt is EUR 83-333 + 5 points in Italy and Warning / 1 point (no fine for first offence) in Japan.

Running a red light: Red-light violations carry serious penalties. In Italy, expect EUR 167-665 + 6 points. In Japan, the penalty is JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 2 points.

Alcohol and DUI Laws

Alcohol and driving regulations differ between Italy and Japan, and the penalties for non-compliance can be severe in both.

Italy sets its blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit at 0.05%.

Japan has a BAC limit of 0.03%.

The lower limit in Japan means that even a small amount of alcohol could put you over the legal limit. Adjust your behaviour accordingly.

In both countries, penalties for drink-driving include fines, licence suspension, and potential imprisonment for serious offences. New and young drivers often face stricter limits (typically 0.00% to 0.02% BAC) in both Italy and Japan. The safest approach is always to avoid any alcohol before driving.

Tyre and Equipment Requirements

Tyre regulations and mandatory vehicle equipment differ between Italy and Japan, and non-compliance can result in fines, especially during winter.

Winter Tyres

• Italy: Winter tyres are situational. Period: 15 Nov - 15 Apr (varies by region and road). Studded tyres: restricted. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.
• Japan: Winter tyres are situational. Period: Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter. Studded tyres: restricted. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.

Mandatory Equipment

Rental vehicles usually come equipped for the country of hire. If you intend to drive in both Italy and Japan, check with the rental company that the vehicle has all required items for both destinations.

Speeding Penalties

The financial consequences of speeding vary between Italy and Japan.

In Italy, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: EUR 42-173. Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

In Japan, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 1 point. Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

Both countries use a combination of fixed speed cameras, mobile speed traps, and in some cases average speed (section control) cameras.

Licence Requirements for Visitors

Before driving in {a} or {b}, ensure you have the correct documentation. Requirements for international visitors vary.

Italy: An EU/EEA driving licence is valid. An IDP is recommended for non-EU licence holders. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence EU/EEA licences valid. Non-EU visitors need IDP or sworn translation.

Japan: An IDP is required. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence IDP required (1949 Geneva Convention only). US, UK and many EU licences need specific IDP. Drives on the left.

Always carry your licence (and IDP if applicable) while driving, as police may request to see it during routine checks or traffic stops.

Emergency Numbers

Save these emergency numbers before travelling to Italy or Japan:

Save these numbers in your phone before travelling. In an emergency, quick access to the correct number is crucial.

Practical Tips for Driving in Both Countries

Preparation is key to a smooth driving experience abroad. Here are tips for driving in Italy and Japan:

1. Learn key phrases. If you do not speak the local language, learn basic driving-related phrases. In an emergency, being able to communicate with police or paramedics can be invaluable.

2. Carry the right documents. Ensure you have your driving licence, IDP (if needed), vehicle registration, and insurance documents. Some countries require you to carry these at all times.

3. Equip your vehicle properly. Ensure you have all mandatory equipment for both countries. It is better to carry extra items than to face a fine for missing equipment.

4. Understand toll systems. Research whether you need a vignette, transponder, or cash for tolls in each country.

5. Watch for different road signs. While European countries share many sign conventions, there are country-specific signs you should recognise. Review a local driving guide before your trip.

6. Respect local driving culture. Overtaking norms, horn usage, and right-of-way conventions differ. Observe local drivers and adapt accordingly.

7. Research before you go. Familiarise yourself with the specific rules of each country before your trip. Print or save a summary of key rules for quick reference.

8. Check insurance coverage. Verify that your motor insurance or rental agreement covers driving in both countries. A Green Card may be required for cross-border travel.

Which Country Is Easier for Tourists to Drive In?

For most international tourists, the overall driving experience will vary based on road conditions, signage clarity, and traffic density.

Tourist reviews give Italy a driving ease score of 3.2/5 (Moderate). ZTL zones catch tourists, aggressive driving in cities, great motorways

Based on tourist ratings, Japan scores 3.0/5 (Moderate). Left-hand driving, expensive tolls, excellent roads, kanji signage

The switch between right-hand traffic in Italy and left-hand traffic in Japan is the single biggest adjustment drivers will face.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I drive in Japan with a Italy driving licence?

Rules vary by nationality. Check the specific licence requirements for each country, and consider obtaining an International Driving Permit (IDP) before your trip.

What is the speed limit on motorways in Italy compared to Japan?

The motorway speed limit in Italy is 130 km/h, while in Japan it is 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h). Always watch for posted signs, as limits may vary on specific sections due to roadworks, weather, or local restrictions.

Are winter tyres mandatory in Italy or Japan?

In Italy, winter tyres are situational (15 Nov - 15 Apr (varies by region and road)). In Japan, they are situational (Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter). If you are travelling during winter months, it is advisable to use winter tyres regardless of legal requirements for safety.

Which country has stricter drink-driving laws?

Japan has a stricter BAC limit (0.03%) compared to Italy (0.05%). Lower limits mean less alcohol is tolerated before driving becomes illegal.

What side of the road do they drive on in Italy and Japan?

Italy drives on the right side and Japan drives on the left side of the road.

Can I use my car insurance from Italy in Japan?

International motor insurance coverage varies by provider and policy. Contact your insurer before travelling to confirm coverage in both Italy and Japan. You may need to purchase additional local insurance.

What emergency number should I call while driving in Italy or Japan?

In Italy, the general emergency number is 112 (police: 113, ambulance: 118). In Japan, call 110 (police: 110, ambulance: 119). Save both numbers in your phone before you travel.