Indonesia vs Thailand: Driving Rules Compared

Indonesia holds drivers to zero measurable alcohol, 0.0 g/L, while Thailand allows up to 0.05 g/L, a real swing for anyone crossing between the two. Motorways widen the gap further, 100 km/h in Indonesia against 120 km/h in Thailand. Both countries drive on the left, so the wheel side itself needs no adjustment, only the numbers on the signs.

Speed Limits Comparison

Speed limits in both countries are set to accommodate mixed traffic conditions that include motorbikes, heavy trucks, and pedestrians.

Indonesia has been expanding its toll road network, particularly on Java, with modern expressways between Jakarta and Surabaya. Speed limits on these toll roads reach 100-120 km/h. However, many Indonesian roads outside major cities are narrow and winding, with speeds naturally limited by conditions. Thailand has a more extensive motorway network, with well-maintained routes connecting Bangkok to major cities. Speed enforcement in Thailand is more systematic, using radar cameras on major highways.

Driving Side

Both Indonesia and Thailand drive on the left side of the road, with the steering wheel positioned on the right. This means transitioning between the two countries requires no adjustment in terms of driving side, which is a relief for travellers exploring both destinations.

Alcohol Limits

Indonesia, as a Muslim-majority country, has complex alcohol regulations. While there is no nationally standardized BAC limit for driving, alcohol consumption is culturally discouraged, and some provinces (like Aceh) enforce full prohibition under Sharia law. In practice, a BAC above 0.05% is treated as an offence in most areas. Thailand enforces a 0.05% BAC limit nationally.

Penalties differ significantly. Indonesia’s penalties for drink-driving can include fines, vehicle confiscation, and imprisonment, though enforcement varies. Thailand conducts regular checkpoints and imposes fines up to THB 20,000 plus imprisonment of up to one year for drink-driving offences.

Tyre and Equipment Requirements

Tyre Rules

Neither country requires winter tyres, as both enjoy tropical climates year-round. Standard all-season tyres are suitable in all regions. During the monsoon season, ensuring adequate tread depth is particularly important, as heavy rainfall can cause dangerous road conditions and flooding.

Equipment and Rules

Motorcycle helmet enforcement is improving in both countries. Indonesia’s traffic police have increased enforcement in major cities, while Thailand rigorously enforces helmet laws, particularly in tourist areas.

Emergency Numbers

Indonesia has adopted 112 as a unified emergency number in addition to the service-specific numbers. Thailand’s 1669 is the dedicated medical emergency line. The Tourist Police at 1155 in Thailand is particularly helpful for foreign visitors.

Penalties Overview

• Indonesia: Speeding fines are regulated by Law No. 22/2009 on Road Traffic and range from IDR 500,000-1,000,000 (approximately USD 32-64). Running a red light costs IDR 500,000. Mobile phone use while driving carries fines of IDR 750,000.
• Thailand: Speeding fines range from THB 500-1,000 (approximately USD 14-28). More serious offences carry steeper penalties. Mobile phone fines are THB 400-1,000. Serious violations like reckless driving can result in imprisonment.

Both countries impose penalty points or merit systems for accumulating offences, though enforcement of the point system is more established in Indonesia (SIM points).

International Driving Permit

An International Driving Permit (IDP) is required for foreign drivers in both countries:

• Indonesia: An IDP is legally required for tourists. Indonesia recognizes the 1949 Geneva Convention IDP. Without one, rental agencies will not rent to you, and police can issue fines. In Bali, enforcement has increased significantly in recent years.
• Thailand: An IDP (1949 Geneva Convention) is required alongside your national licence. Thai police routinely check for IDPs at roadblocks. Driving without one can invalidate your insurance.

Always carry your original national licence together with the IDP.

Practical Tips

1. Traffic in Jakarta and Bangkok is extreme. Both capital cities rank among the world’s most congested. If possible, avoid driving during rush hours (7-9 AM and 4-7 PM). Consider using ride-hailing apps (Grab, Gojek) instead.
2. Watch for motorbikes everywhere. In both countries, motorbikes account for the majority of vehicles on the road. They will weave through traffic, ride on sidewalks, and appear unexpectedly.
3. Toll road navigation. Both countries have electronic toll systems. In Indonesia, you need an e-toll card (available at convenience stores). In Thailand, easy-pass or cash lanes are available.
4. Flooding risk. Both countries experience severe flooding during monsoon season. Avoid driving through flooded streets, as water depth can be deceptive, and engines can stall in surprisingly shallow water.

For detailed country guides, see driving in Indonesia and driving in Thailand.