Iceland vs Japan: Driving Rules Compared

Iceland builds no motorways, so its ring road tops out near 90 km/h and even that drops further on gravel stretches. Japan runs the opposite kind of road network, left-hand traffic with expressway sections posted as high as 120 km/h. Alcohol limits split the pair too, 0.02 in Iceland against 0.03 in Japan, both stricter than most of Europe.

One of the biggest differences between Iceland and Japan is the driving side: Iceland uses right-hand traffic, while Japan uses left-hand traffic. Drivers need to be especially cautious at intersections and roundabouts during the transition.

Speed Limits Comparison

One of the most practical differences for drivers is the variation in speed limits between Iceland and Japan.

Iceland sets its speed limits at 50 km/h in cities and towns, 80 km/h on country roads, and N/A on motorways.

Japan sets its speed limits at 40 km/h in cities and towns, 60 km/h on country roads, and 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h) on motorways.

Key Speed Limit Differences

Always check posted speed signs when crossing between Iceland and Japan. Relying on your knowledge of one country’s limits while driving in the other is a common cause of speeding fines for tourists.

Traffic Rules and Regulations

Beyond speed limits, Iceland and Japan have several important differences in their general traffic rules.

Driving side: Iceland drives on the right; Japan drives on the left. This is a major difference that requires careful adjustment.

Minimum driving age: The minimum age to drive a car is 16 in Iceland and 18 in Japan.

Mobile phone use: Using a handheld mobile phone while driving is illegal in both countries. In Iceland, the penalty is ISK 15,000 (approx. EUR 100). In Japan, the penalty is JPY 18,000 (approx. EUR 115) + 3 points. Hands-free devices are generally permitted in both countries, but drivers should keep their attention on the road.

Seatbelts: Seatbelts are mandatory for all occupants in both Iceland and Japan. The fine for not wearing a seatbelt is ISK 15,000 (approx. EUR 100) in Iceland and Warning / 1 point (no fine for first offence) in Japan.

Running a red light: Red-light violations carry serious penalties. In Iceland, expect ISK 30,000 (approx. EUR 200). In Japan, the penalty is JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 2 points.

Alcohol and DUI Laws

Understanding each country’s approach to drink-driving is critical, as enforcement and penalties vary considerably.

Iceland sets its blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit at 0.05%.

Japan has a BAC limit of 0.03%.

The lower limit in Japan means that even a small amount of alcohol could put you over the legal limit. Adjust your behaviour accordingly.

In both countries, penalties for drink-driving include fines, licence suspension, and potential imprisonment for serious offences. New and young drivers often face stricter limits (typically 0.00% to 0.02% BAC) in both Iceland and Japan. The safest approach is always to avoid any alcohol before driving.

Tyre and Equipment Requirements

Before driving in Iceland or Japan, check that your vehicle carries all the legally required equipment. Requirements differ between the two countries.

Winter Tyres

• Iceland: Winter tyres are mandatory. Period: 1 Nov - 14 Apr. Studded tyres: allowed. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.
• Japan: Winter tyres are situational. Period: Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter. Studded tyres: restricted. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.

Mandatory Equipment

Rental vehicles usually come equipped for the country of hire. If you intend to drive in both Iceland and Japan, check with the rental company that the vehicle has all required items for both destinations.

Speeding Penalties

The financial consequences of speeding vary between Iceland and Japan.

In Iceland, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: ISK 10,000 (approx. EUR 65). Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

In Japan, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 1 point. Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

Both countries use a combination of fixed speed cameras, mobile speed traps, and in some cases average speed (section control) cameras.

Licence Requirements for Visitors

Licence requirements for foreign visitors differ between {a} and {b}. Here is what you need to know.

Iceland: An EU/EEA driving licence is valid. An IDP is recommended for non-EU licence holders. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence EEA member. EU/EEA licences valid. Non-EU visitors need IDP.

Japan: An IDP is required. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence IDP required (1949 Geneva Convention only). US, UK and many EU licences need specific IDP. Drives on the left.

Always carry your licence (and IDP if applicable) while driving, as police may request to see it during routine checks or traffic stops.

Emergency Numbers

Save these emergency numbers before travelling to Iceland or Japan:

Save these numbers in your phone before travelling. In an emergency, quick access to the correct number is crucial.

Practical Tips for Driving in Both Countries

If you are planning to drive in both Iceland and Japan, here are some practical tips to keep in mind:

1. Respect local driving culture. Overtaking norms, horn usage, and right-of-way conventions differ. Observe local drivers and adapt accordingly.

2. Be aware of environmental zones. Many cities have low-emission zones that restrict older vehicles. Check if you need an environmental sticker for either country.

3. Watch for different road signs. While European countries share many sign conventions, there are country-specific signs you should recognise. Review a local driving guide before your trip.

4. Use a GPS or navigation app. Modern navigation apps often include speed limit warnings, toll information, and real-time traffic updates that can help you comply with local rules.

5. Understand toll systems. Research whether you need a vignette, transponder, or cash for tolls in each country.

6. Plan fuel stops. Fuel prices and station availability can vary significantly. In some regions, stations may close at night or on Sundays.

7. Research before you go. Familiarise yourself with the specific rules of each country before your trip. Print or save a summary of key rules for quick reference.

8. Check insurance coverage. Verify that your motor insurance or rental agreement covers driving in both countries. A Green Card may be required for cross-border travel.

Which Country Is Easier for Tourists to Drive In?

Tourist-friendliness of driving varies between Iceland and Japan based on several factors.

Tourist reviews give Iceland a driving ease score of 3.1/5 (Moderate). F-roads require 4WD, weather changes rapidly, gravel roads, no off-road

Japan is rated 3.0/5 (Moderate) by tourists. Left-hand driving, expensive tolls, excellent roads, kanji signage

The switch between right-hand traffic in Iceland and left-hand traffic in Japan is the single biggest adjustment drivers will face.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I drive in Japan with a Iceland driving licence?

Rules vary by nationality. Check the specific licence requirements for each country, and consider obtaining an International Driving Permit (IDP) before your trip.

What is the speed limit on motorways in Iceland compared to Japan?

The motorway speed limit in Iceland is N/A, while in Japan it is 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h). Always watch for posted signs, as limits may vary on specific sections due to roadworks, weather, or local restrictions.

Are winter tyres mandatory in Iceland or Japan?

In Iceland, winter tyres are mandatory (1 Nov - 14 Apr). In Japan, they are situational (Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter). If you are travelling during winter months, it is advisable to use winter tyres regardless of legal requirements for safety.

Which country has stricter drink-driving laws?

Japan has a stricter BAC limit (0.03%) compared to Iceland (0.05%). Lower limits mean less alcohol is tolerated before driving becomes illegal.

What side of the road do they drive on in Iceland and Japan?

Iceland drives on the right side and Japan drives on the left side of the road.

Can I use my car insurance from Iceland in Japan?

International motor insurance coverage varies by provider and policy. Contact your insurer before travelling to confirm coverage in both Iceland and Japan. You may need to purchase additional local insurance.

What emergency number should I call while driving in Iceland or Japan?

In Iceland, the general emergency number is 112 (police: 112, ambulance: 112). In Japan, call 110 (police: 110, ambulance: 119). Save both numbers in your phone before you travel.