Finland vs Japan: Driving Rules Compared

Finland’s winter tyre law covers the whole country on a fixed calendar, 1 November to 31 March, while Japan’s requirement is really a map: only northern prefectures such as Hokkaido and Tohoku mandate winter tyres at all. Motorway ceilings split further, 120 km/h in Finland against 100 in Japan, and the wheel changes sides too, right-hand in Finland, left-hand in Japan. Alcohol limits also differ, 0.05 against Japan’s stricter 0.03.

Switching between Finland (right-hand traffic) and Japan (left-hand traffic) requires significant adjustment. Pay special attention to turning, roundabouts, and overtaking — these are the situations where drivers most commonly make errors after switching sides.

Speed Limits Comparison

One of the most practical differences for drivers is the variation in speed limits between Finland and Japan.

Finland sets its speed limits at 50 km/h in cities and towns, 80 km/h on country roads, and 120 km/h on motorways.

In Japan, the standard speed limits are 40 km/h in urban areas, 60 km/h on rural roads, and 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h) on motorways.

Key Speed Limit Differences

Drivers transitioning between Finland and Japan should pay close attention to posted signs, as assumptions based on one country’s rules can lead to speeding tickets in the other. Speed cameras are common in both countries, and enforcement can be strict.

Traffic Rules and Regulations

Beyond speed limits, Finland and Japan have several important differences in their general traffic rules.

Driving side: Finland drives on the right; Japan drives on the left. This is a major difference that requires careful adjustment.

Minimum driving age: The minimum age to drive a car is 18 in Finland and 18 in Japan.

Mobile phone use: Using a handheld mobile phone while driving is illegal in both countries. In Finland, the penalty is EUR 100 (fixed fine). In Japan, the penalty is JPY 18,000 (approx. EUR 115) + 3 points. Hands-free devices are generally permitted in both countries, but drivers should keep their attention on the road.

Seatbelts: Seatbelts are mandatory for all occupants in both Finland and Japan. The fine for not wearing a seatbelt is EUR 70 in Finland and Warning / 1 point (no fine for first offence) in Japan.

Running a red light: Red-light violations carry serious penalties. In Finland, expect Income-based day-fine. In Japan, the penalty is JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 2 points.

Alcohol and DUI Laws

Understanding each country’s approach to drink-driving is critical, as enforcement and penalties vary considerably.

Finland sets its blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit at 0.05%.

Japan has a BAC limit of 0.03%.

Japan has a stricter limit, so drivers accustomed to Finland’s rules should exercise extra caution.

In both countries, penalties for drink-driving include fines, licence suspension, and potential imprisonment for serious offences. New and young drivers often face stricter limits (typically 0.00% to 0.02% BAC) in both Finland and Japan. The safest approach is always to avoid any alcohol before driving.

Tyre and Equipment Requirements

Before driving in Finland or Japan, check that your vehicle carries all the legally required equipment. Requirements differ between the two countries.

Winter Tyres

• Finland: Winter tyres are mandatory. Period: 1 Nov - 31 Mar (can be extended by conditions). Studded tyres: allowed. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.
• Japan: Winter tyres are situational. Period: Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter. Studded tyres: restricted. Minimum tread depth: 1.6 mm.

Mandatory Equipment

If renting a vehicle, verify with the agency that it includes mandatory equipment for both Finland and Japan, especially if you plan to cross the border.

Speeding Penalties

The financial consequences of speeding vary between Finland and Japan.

In Finland, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: EUR 200 (fixed fine). Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

In Japan, a minor speeding offence (approximately 10 km/h over the limit) typically results in: JPY 9,000 (approx. EUR 55) + 1 point. Penalties escalate significantly for higher speeds, and repeat offenders face licence suspension.

Both countries use a combination of fixed speed cameras, mobile speed traps, and in some cases average speed (section control) cameras.

Licence Requirements for Visitors

International visitors planning to drive in either country should understand the licence requirements.

Finland: An EU/EEA driving licence is valid. An IDP is recommended for non-EU licence holders. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence EU/EEA licences valid. IDP recommended for non-EU visitors.

Japan: An IDP is required. Visitors can typically drive for up to 12 months on a foreign licence IDP required (1949 Geneva Convention only). US, UK and many EU licences need specific IDP. Drives on the left.

Always carry your licence (and IDP if applicable) while driving, as police may request to see it during routine checks or traffic stops.

Emergency Numbers

Save these emergency numbers before travelling to Finland or Japan:

Save these numbers in your phone before travelling. In an emergency, quick access to the correct number is crucial.

Practical Tips for Driving in Both Countries

Before hitting the road in Finland or Japan, consider these practical driving tips:

1. Learn key phrases. If you do not speak the local language, learn basic driving-related phrases. In an emergency, being able to communicate with police or paramedics can be invaluable.

2. Be aware of environmental zones. Many cities have low-emission zones that restrict older vehicles. Check if you need an environmental sticker for either country.

3. Adjust to speed limits immediately. When crossing the border, speed limits change. Look for signs and adjust your driving accordingly. Do not rely on habits from the other country.

4. Plan fuel stops. Fuel prices and station availability can vary significantly. In some regions, stations may close at night or on Sundays.

5. Understand toll systems. Research whether you need a vignette, transponder, or cash for tolls in each country.

6. Check insurance coverage. Verify that your motor insurance or rental agreement covers driving in both countries. A Green Card may be required for cross-border travel.

7. Watch for different road signs. While European countries share many sign conventions, there are country-specific signs you should recognise. Review a local driving guide before your trip.

8. Respect local driving culture. Overtaking norms, horn usage, and right-of-way conventions differ. Observe local drivers and adapt accordingly.

Which Country Is Easier for Tourists to Drive In?

Tourist-friendliness of driving varies between Finland and Japan based on several factors.

Based on tourist ratings, Finland scores 2.1/5 (Easy). Good roads, winter driving skills essential, reindeer hazards

Based on tourist ratings, Japan scores 3.0/5 (Moderate). Left-hand driving, expensive tolls, excellent roads, kanji signage

The switch between right-hand traffic in Finland and left-hand traffic in Japan is the single biggest adjustment drivers will face.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I drive in Japan with a Finland driving licence?

Rules vary by nationality. Check the specific licence requirements for each country, and consider obtaining an International Driving Permit (IDP) before your trip.

What is the speed limit on motorways in Finland compared to Japan?

The motorway speed limit in Finland is 120 km/h, while in Japan it is 100 km/h (100 km/h standard; 120 km/h on select expressway sections (Shin-Tomei, Tohoku, Joban). From Sept 2026, narrow residential roads default to 30 km/h). Always watch for posted signs, as limits may vary on specific sections due to roadworks, weather, or local restrictions.

Are winter tyres mandatory in Finland or Japan?

In Finland, winter tyres are mandatory (1 Nov - 31 Mar (can be extended by conditions)). In Japan, they are situational (Prefectural regulations; Hokkaido, Tohoku require winter tyres in winter). If you are travelling during winter months, it is advisable to use winter tyres regardless of legal requirements for safety.

Which country has stricter drink-driving laws?

Japan has a stricter BAC limit (0.03%) compared to Finland (0.05%). Lower limits mean less alcohol is tolerated before driving becomes illegal.

What side of the road do they drive on in Finland and Japan?

Finland drives on the right side and Japan drives on the left side of the road.

Can I use my car insurance from Finland in Japan?

International motor insurance coverage varies by provider and policy. Contact your insurer before travelling to confirm coverage in both Finland and Japan. You may need to purchase additional local insurance.

What emergency number should I call while driving in Finland or Japan?

In Finland, the general emergency number is 112 (police: 112, ambulance: 112). In Japan, call 110 (police: 110, ambulance: 119). Save both numbers in your phone before you travel.